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The Child Welfare Tribunal considers cases concerning coercive measures pursuant to the Child Welfare Act, the Health and Care Services Act and the Communicable Diseases Act.

 In the area of child welfare, the tribunals make decisions concerning care orders for children, adoption and the placement of young people with behavioural difficulties in an institution. Child welfare cases account for the vast majority of the tribunal's cases. The most common types of child welfare cases are described below. 

Under the Health and Care Services Act, the tribunal can decide to place persons with a drug and/or alcohol addiction in a treatment institution against their will for a period of up to three months. If there is a clear probability that the child will be born with birth defects, the tribunal can decide to place pregnant substance abusers in an institution and detain them there for the duration of the pregnancy. 

The Child Welfare Tribunal in Oslo and Environ is Norway's national commission for communicable disease control, meaning that it decides cases concerning compulsory medical examination and compulsory isolation of persons with certain communicable diseases.

The tribunal is also the appeal body for certain decisions concerning coercive measures in relation to persons with mental disabilities.